Faqr-o-Ghana
'Poverty and richness' — the paradox by which spiritual poverty before God is the truest wealth.
Literally: poverty and (inner) richness
Faqr-o-ghina pairs poverty with richness, capturing Iqbal's paradox that true faqr is itself a kind of wealth (ghina), an inner sufficiency that owns nothing yet wants nothing from the powerful. The dervish poor in goods is rich in freedom and outranks the king. This kingly poverty is for Iqbal a source of strength, not lack.
Faqr-o-Ghana in Iqbal’s couplets
Khiraaj ki jo gada ho wo qaisari kya hai
Khiraj ki jo gada ho wo qaisari kya hai
Faqr
Spiritual poverty; the dervish's chosen detachment from wealth and power.
Istighna
Contented independence and freedom from need, the heart's dignified self-sufficiency.
Ghana
A dense grove or thicket; a close stand of trees.
Qalandar
A wandering, unbound dervish; a spiritually free, rule-breaking mystic.
Sultani / Sikandari
Kingship, sovereignty, empire (sikandari = Alexander's might; qaisari = Caesar's).