Meaning
Capital, wealth, stock or principal.
How Iqbal uses it
Sarmaaya in Iqbal often names the capital that, hoarded and weaponised, grinds down the labourer. He attacks an economic order in which accumulated wealth becomes a tool of exploitation.
See it in the verse
Sarmaaya in Iqbal’s couplets
Zindagi ka raaz kya hai saltanat kya cheez hai
Aur ye sarmaya-o-mehnat mein hai kaisa kharosh
Aur ye sarmaya-o-mehnat mein hai kaisa kharosh
What is the secret of life? What is this thing called the State? And what is this clamour between capital and labour?
Justice · Awakening
Yaqeen afrad ka sarmaya-e-tameer-e-millat hai
Yahi quvvat hai jo surat-gar-e-taqdeer-e-millat hai
Yahi quvvat hai jo surat-gar-e-taqdeer-e-millat hai
The conviction of individuals is the capital that builds a community — this is the very force that sculpts a people's destiny.
Unity · Selfhood · Leadership