Urdu · proper noun · Mind & Knowledge
Spinoza
स्पिनोज़ा
said spi-NOH-za
also written: spinoza, baruch spinoza, espinoza, ispinoza
Meaning
Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677), Dutch philosopher of a single divine substance; Iqbal engaged his pantheism critically, defending instead a personal God and an enduring, individual self.
Related words
URDU
Hegel
G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831), German idealist philosopher of dialectic and the Absolute Spirit; Iqbal critically engaged his system, valuing its dynamism but rejecting its pantheistic absorption of the self.
PERSIAN
Khudi
Selfhood; the self, the ego — in the philosophical, not the vain, sense.
ARABIC
Falsafa
Philosophy, systematic rational inquiry into reality.