Ummah
The community of Muslims as a single body united by faith, transcending tribe and territory.
Literally: community; nation (of faith)
The worldwide community of Muslims, united by shared faith across all frontiers. Closely allied to his idea of the millat, Iqbal's ummat is a single body whose vitality depends on living faith, brotherhood and creative action. Its decline, he taught, follows from spiritual stagnation, sectarian division and slavish imitation; its revival requires renewed certitude, ijtihad and self-affirmation.
Millat
The community of faith; a people understood as one spiritual body.
Khilafat
The caliphate; the office, dominion and successorship of the caliph.
Khalifa
A successor or vicegerent; the head of the Muslim community after the Prophet, and the human as God's steward on earth.
Tauheed
The oneness of God; the affirmation of strict monotheism.
Tajdeed
Renewal, renovation, revival of religion.