Persian · noun · Time, Fate & the Cosmos

Gumbad-e-Gardun

गुम्बद-ए-गर्दूँ
said gum-bad-e-gar-dun
Meaning

The dome of the revolving heavens; the sky pictured as a turning cupola.

Literally: dome of the wheeling sky

How Iqbal uses it

The turning dome of the firmament is, in Iqbal, the old fatalistic cosmos that the free self refuses to be imprisoned beneath.