Arabic · noun · Mind & Knowledge

Mamoor

मामूर
said jabr-o-ikh-ti-YAAR
also written: jabr o ikhtiyar, free will, determinism, jabr-o-qadar, jabr wa qadar, compulsion and free will
Meaning

Jabr-o-Ikhtiyar — the problem of determinism versus free will. Against both mechanistic science and fatalist theology, Iqbal defended real human freedom as essential to the responsible, creative self.

Literally: compulsion and free will

Usage & notes

The classic theological problem of jabr (compulsion / predestination) versus qadar or ikhtiyar (free will) — whether human acts are determined by God or freely chosen. Iqbal weighs in firmly on the side of meaningful human freedom: while God is sovereign, the self is genuinely free and creative, and the fatalism of pure jabr is, for him, a spiritual sickness that drains the will to act. Destiny and freedom meet in the striving self.