A preacher, a sermonizer; often the hypocritical moralizer whom the poet mocks.
Literally: the preacher; pulpit-moralist
The waaiz is the preacher who exhorts from the pulpit — in the ghazal a stock hypocrite who damns the tavern by day and is suspected of slipping to it by night, all sermon and no love. He stands for religion reduced to admonition. Iqbal turns him into the type of the empty cleric whose words have no fire, set against the rind whose silent intoxication is worth more than a thousand sermons; sometimes the poet wishes the preacher himself would taste the wine he forbids.
Waaiz in Iqbal’s couplets
Kar apni khudi mein aashiyana
Chashm-e-dil wa ho to hai taqdeer-e-aalam be-hijab
Ho dekhna to dida-e-dil va kare koi
Zaahid
An ascetic, an austere pietist; in ghazal the killjoy foil to the wine-loving rind.
Shaikh
An elder or religious authority; in ghazal often the sanctimonious figure set against the rind.
Naaseh
An adviser or admonisher; the well-meaning counsellor who warns the lover against love.
Muhtasib
The censor of public morals who enforced religious law, forbidding wine and vice.