The preacher or homilist who admonishes from the pulpit; in the ghazal a figure of hollow exhortation.
Literally: admonisher, preacher
The waaiz delivers sermons devoid of the love that animates true faith, and Iqbal often answers his admonitions with the rind's wisdom. The preacher's words are shown as empty beside the lover's lived devotion.
Naaseh
The well-meaning advisor or counsellor who urges prudence and restraint upon the lover.
Zaahid
The ascetic or abstinent pietist who shuns worldly pleasure; in the ghazal a figure of dry, often self-righteous renunciation.
Shaikh
An elder, religious authority, or head of an order; in the ghazal often the orthodox, worldly cleric set against the lover.
Muhtasib
An inspector of public morals and the marketplace; a reckoner who counts deeds against reward with God.